It was in the 19th century that as a result of ongoing industrialization, an influx of people moving into the city, the intensification of building density, and limited green areas, life in Warsaw entailed numerous nuisances. It is for this reason that the inhabitants of the city sought reprieve, communion with nature, and fresh air not only in the city itself, but also in its immediate environs. Many possibilities were available. Locations providing entertainment as well as ones that were good for strolling, outings, and even several–month–long stays at what may be termed summer homes were available within the limits of 19th century Warsaw as defined by the Lubomirski Ramparts. They could also be found beyond the municipal tollgates, essentially in every exit direction from the city. There were public gardens—the Saxon Garden, Swiętokrzyski Grange, and the Pomological Garden— as well as private gardens and squares in today’s Downtown District. The Ujazdowskie Avenue area included attractive places for strolling—the Łazienkowski Park, Belwederski Garden, Botanical Garden, and the public Swiss Valley Garden as well as Ujazdowski Square. As early as in the 1840s this part of the city was the site of summer palaces belonging to the wealthiest residents of Warsaw. Outside the tollgates leading south, within the borders of today’s Mokotów District, summer homes were mainly located on the upper terrace of the Vistulian Escarpment, while locations providing entertainment, such as restaurants, were to be found on the land extending from the Escarpment towards the Vistula River and on the lands of Sielce Village. Daytrips involved travelling to the village of Czerniaków that was famous for its St. Boniface fairs as well as to Wilanów and Gucin. Wierzbno was a summer settlement older than Mokotów, while the Królikarnia was a traditional destination for summer jaunts. Also worth visiting were the suburban properties of Ursynów and Natolin. However, not all of them were open to the public in the second half of the 19th century. To the north, in today’s districts of Żoliborz and Bielany, important spots on the leisure map of Warsaw’s residents included Marymont as well as summer amenities in Grossów, Ewansówka, Minterów, and Ruda. Day trips involved travelling to Bielany and Młociny. To the west, within the borders of today’s Wola District, favorite leisure spots for Warsaw residents included the out–of–town villas in Leszno. The Ohm Garden and Czyste Woods in Karolów operated just beyond the Wola tollgates. On the Praga side of the Vistula River, it was the Aleksandrów Park that was the choice for walks and rides. Popular places for trips in the immediate neighborhood of the city were Saska Kępa, the suburban gardens of Gocławek, and the Zacisze settlement. By the beginning of the 20th century, most of these locations lost their importance as destinations for summer outings. This was mainly the result of the subpar investment, neglect, and development in these areas of manufacturing operations that had a decidedly negative impact on leisure functions. There was also the changing fashion, especially the dynamic development of rail transportation that brought popularity to suburban sites located at greater distances from the city—Otwock, Konstancin, and Milanówek.